First-Tac

ERASMUS+ PROJECT FIRST-TAC

Development of Joint Curriculum for First Responders

on the Use of Force and First Aid Tactical Procedures

Title of the learning programme	Use of Force and Tactical Medicine Training
European Qualifications Framework Level	Level 4
Duration of learning	48 learning hours
Learning programme group	Internal Security Public Security Security and defence

Aim of the training

The training is focused on knowledge and skills improvement of first responding uniformed police officers regarding the use of force in performance of everyday tasks – inspections of persons and interiors – as well as building up capacity in providing first aid to different sorts of injuries. The training covers de-escalation techniques as well.

The aim of the training is to ensure that coercive measures are used efficiently and proportionally, under pressure proportionate to the threat, as a last resort, in accordance with EU standards and fundamental rights. Furthermore, the aim is to ensure that first aid assistance is given in accordance with TCCC and TECC guidelines. The training, therefore, includes specific tactics and techniques agreed as good practices by all project partners.

Requirements

Time: 48 hours overall

• 1 hour for the general part of the training
• 8 hours of online independent learning prior to the contact phase – 4 hours within the use of force unit, and 4 hours within the tactical medicine unit (via e-learning system)
• 38 hours of face to face learning – 24 hours within the use of force unit, 8 hours within the tactical medicine unit, and 8 hours dedicated to both units at the same time
• 1 hour for training evaluation

Learners: 24 (1 class)

Instructors: 2 tactics instructors, 2 techniques instructors, 2 first aid instructors

Resources:

• 1 PC or laptop with beamer,
• Internet access,
• 24 belts with pistol holsters, magazine pouches and rubber pistols; 24 handcuffs; 24 pepper sprays…
• 24 radio communication devices
• 48 modular bandages, 48 tourniquets, 100 compressed gauze
• 24 nasopharyngeal tube
• 1 Act fast rescue choking vest
• 1 package hygienic mask
• 24 chest seals
• 100 space blankets
• lubricant
• markers
• disinfection liquid
• 6 CPR adult mannequins
• 2 packages CPR foil
• 24 scissors
• 1 nasopharyngeal tube simulator
• 6 AED
• 24 IFAK pouches
• 6 soft stretchers
• fake wounds
• fake blood
• 2 packs of gloves

Location: classroom, gym with tatami, interiors and exteriors for situational exercises

Target group and entry requirements:

• First responding uniformed police officers
• Basic knowledge and skills regarding the use of force and first aid. Learners are expected to have prior basic understanding of principles in the use of force according to the national laws and EU standards, with full respect of fundamental rights principles, as well as basic skills in using force according to the principles of necessity, proportionality and precaution. They are also expected to have prior basic knowledge of BLS and CPR.

Training learning outcomes

On completion of this training, learners will be able to:

LO1: outline basic principles related to the use of force during the performance of everyday police tasks, regarding the fact that it is the last resort, when all other non-physical means have been considered or exhausted

LO2: apply methods and techniques of self-defence and use of force, alone and as a member of patrol, in accordance with safety regulations and principle of necessity, proportionality and precaution

LO3: perform in accordance with established tactical procedures during the performance of everyday police tasks – inspection of people and interiors

LO4: outline basic principles of TCCC and TECC guidelines

LO5: provide first aid to injured persons – oneself, colleague, victim, bystander or suspect – in accordance with TCCC and TECC guidelines

LO6: take responsibility for applying basic methods and techniques in the use of force and providing first aid, alone and as a member of team

Learning Strategy

The training is focused mainly on skills improvement regarding the use of force in performance of everyday tasks – inspections of persons and interiors – as well as building up capacity in providing first aid to different sorts of injuries. Learners are expected to have basic knowledge in both targeted areas – use of force and first aid. The use of force related training covers theoretical and practical aspects in relation to the prevention and the use of force. That is why online independent learning is envisaged – to provide refreshment of the theoretical knowledge and serve as a starting point for practical learning. Therefore, there are three main points regarding the learning strategy:

1. The training is organized as a blended learning – combining online and face-to-face learning. Online learning takes place before the face-to-face training, and covers the theoretical base regarding the use of force and TCCC and TECC guidelines. Face-to-face learning consists mostly of exercises and real-life scenario-based simulations.
2. The training is organized with the learner-centred approach – instructors’ role is to facilitate the learning and help learners achieve learning outcomes. This means that feedback is continuous, individual and group, and that the learning process is steered according to the achievement of learners. For example, face-to-face learning can and will be modified according to the results of online learning – if the learners show weaker results in online assessment at the end of online phase, exercises in face-to-face phase will begin with short theoretical lectures.
3. The training is organized in a way that there is a progression of learning – learners tackle theory first, than exercise techniques and tactics, and finally implement everything in scenario-based simulations.

This approach will ensure that learners achieve the required competence for performing tasks as patrol members.

Chosen training methods include individual and group work, short lectures and presentations, discussions, practical exercises, demonstration, role play, simulation).

Learners are expected to actively take part in the discussion and practical exercises. The trainers support the learners to explore and integrate the concepts related to the training and also steering the process and encourage debate.

Assessment strategy

The training assessment strategy is designed to support learners in reaching learning outcomes. It is based mostly on formative assessment, i.e. individual and group feedback. Even though there are no pass/fail assessments, instructors have an obligation to point out the critical mistakes clearly, and provide suggestions for the correct course of action.

Assessments measure the achievement in each step of the learning process, and are aligned with the learning outcomes. This means that the online learning, which covers mostly theoretical knowledge, is assessed with multiple-choice questions, while the skills are assessed in practical exercises. Multiple-choice questions are composed in such a way that they assess the application of theoretical knowledge, and practical exercises are created in a way to assess situational implementation of knowledge and skills.

Each day of the training is ended with a wrap-up session, with the summary of the topics covered and comprehensive group feedback regarding the learners’ performance. This is the opportunity for pointing out the critical mistakes (if any) once again.

The last, fifth day of the training is dedicated to the scenario-based exercises, which are in fact summative assessment of learners’ achievements throughout the training, and they cover both units – use of force and tactical medicine.

For the exercises, rubrics are created, in order to assess whether the learners have achieved learning outcomes in key areas. Feedback is provided throughout the course to ensure continuous progress and general critical standards are established.

Assessment structure of the training

Assessment	Unit	When	Method	Weight
Theoretical	Use of Force	Online independent learning	Online multiple choice test	Pass 60% correct answers / fail (two re-assessments)
	Basics of Tactical Medicine	Online independent learning	Online multiple choice test	Pass 60% correct answers / fail (two re-assessments)
Practical – scenario 1	Use of Force	Day 5 of practical training – morning session	Practical exercise – non-complex scenario simulation	Correct actions / critical mistakes
	Basics of Tactical Medicine	Day 5 of practical training – morning session	Practical exercise – non-complex scenario simulation	Correct actions / critical mistakes
Practical – scenario 2	Use of Force	Day 5 of practical training – afternoon session	Practical exercise – complex scenario simulation	Correct actions / critical mistakes
	Basics of Tactical Medicine	Day 5 of practical training – afternoon session	Practical exercise – complex scenario simulation	Correct actions / critical mistakes

Training risk analysis

The goal of training risk analysis is to evaluate and mitigate training risks, that is to ensure the safety and health of training participants in every aspect related to attending training. The risk analysis for training is prepared by the activity leader (lecturer/instructor/trainer). The risk analysis should contain an assessment of the level of danger that may arise during the training and the measures that need to be introduced to protect the health and safety of the trainees and other actors involved in the training.

All training providers are authorized to implement security measures in order to avoid or reduce the risk of endangering the life, health and property of training participants, employees of the institution where the training is carried out, and third parties inside and outside the premises where the training is carried out.

In cases where the elimination of risks is not possible in practice, it is necessary to reduce the risks and control the remaining risks, so that at a later stage these remaining risks are re-evaluated within the framework of the verification program and the possibility of eliminating the risks is considered in view of new findings.

Training evaluation

The development process of the “Training on the use of force and basics of tactical medicine for first responding uniformed police officers” curriculum consists of four phases: analysis, development/updating, implementation and evaluation. After the implementation of the training program, the evaluation of the teaching process is started. Based on the results of the evaluation, a comprehensive analysis is undertaken, and after the analysis is completed, and if necessary, the curriculum is ready to be updated. The assessment should show whether the trained participants achieved the training learning outcomes. In this regard, the evaluation phase is expected to provide constructive feedback on the effectiveness of the training and thereby create a basis for further improvement of the training. Feedback is collected immediately after the end of the training, and subsequently, if necessary, after the learners spends a certain amount of time at their workplace performing tasks related to the training in question.

The evaluation of the training will be carried out through evaluation questionnaires for learners and trainers.

Curriculum Structure

Agenda

TRAINING PLAN			NO. OF LEARNING HOURS
I	General part of the training		1
II	Independent learning prior to the training (via e-learning)		8
	1.	Use of Force	4
	2.	Basics of Tactical Medicine	4
III	Contact learning during the training		38
	Day 1-3	Use of Force	23
	Day 4	Basics of Tactical Medicine	8
	Day 5	Use of Force and Basics of Tactical Medicine – assessment simulations	7
IV	Day 5	Training evaluation	1
In total:			48

GENERAL PART OF THE TRAINING			NO. OF LEARNING HOURS
1.	INTRODUCTION TO TRAINING		1
	1.1.	Administration
	1.2.	Presentation of the program, goals, business competencies, lecture schedule and persons leading the training
	1.3.	Equipping participants with a training plan
	1.4.	Training structure
	1.5.	Rules of interaction of the persons involved in the implementation of the subject training
In total:			1

INDEPENDENT LEARNING PRIOR TO THE TRAINING (VIA E-LEARNING)				NO. OF LEARNING HOURS
Unit 1	USE OF FORCE			4
	Topic 1.1.	Core principles in the use of force		1
		Content 1.1.1.	Principles in the use of force according to the national laws and EU standards, with full respect of fundamental rights principles
	Topic 1.2.	Progressive sequences/use of force continuum		1
		Content1.2.1.	Progressive sequence/use of force continuum according to the level of threat. Components of situational awareness. Risk indicators during the intervention. Principles of effective coordination in patrol unit
	Topic 1.3.	Giving command/de-escalation techniques		1
		Content1.3.1.	Basic commands (verbal and nonverbal) regarding the use of force
		Content1.3.2.	Proper command according to the level of threat
		Content1.3.3.	Steps in deescalating process
	Topic 1.4.	Entering rooms		1
		Content1.4.1.	Risk assessment/potential threats and vulnerabilities. Types of facilities and their characteristics. Handling the angles and obstacles. Areas of fatal funnel and immediate threat
		Content1.4.2.	Movement formations and communication. Rules of avoiding friendly fire
		Content 1.4.3.	Entry and clearing techniques
Unit 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE			4
	Topic 2.1.	Basic Life Support (BLS)		1
		Content 2.1.1.	Sequence of implementation of basic life support measures
		Content 2.1.2.	Purpose and advantages of the use of AED
		Content 2.1.3.	Algorithm of paediatric basic life support
	Topic 2.2.	Foreign body airway obstruction		0.5
		Content2.2.1.	Airway obstruction caused by a foreign body in three age categories
		Content2.2.2.	Algorithm in dealing with airway obstruction in three age categories
		Content 2.2.3.	Belly pressure
	Topic 2.3.	Hypothermia		0.5
		Content2.3.1.	Causes and symptoms of hypothermia in adults and infants
		Content2.3.2.	Factors increasing the risk of hypothermia
		Content 2.3.3.	Steps in preventing hypothermia
	Topic 2.4.	First Responders Tactical Medicine		2
		Content2.4.1.	Proceedings in 3 threat zones of TCCC
		Content2.4.2.	MARCH algorithm
In total:				8

CONTACT LEARNING DURING THE TRAINING				NO. OF LEARNING HOURS
Unit 1	USE OF FORCE			23
	Day 1 Topic 1.1.	Dealing with the cooperative person		2
		Content 1.1.1.	Distance management/positioning
		Content 1.1.2.	Effective communication with the cooperative person(s)
		Content 1.1.3.	Controlling/escorting techniques
	Day 1 Topic 1.2.	Handling the duty belt equipment		2
		Content1.2.1.	Positioning of the equipment on the duty belt
		Content1.2.2.	Selecting and preparing to use appropriate equipment
		Content1.2.3.	Basic movements and manoeuvring with different equipment from duty belt
	Day 1 Topic 1.3.	Handcuffing		1
		Content 1.3.1.	Handcuffing in standing position (using vertical barriers and in open spaces)
		Content 1.3.2.	Handcuffing in lying position
	Day 1 Topic 1.4.	Body search		1
		Content 1.4.1.	Body search in standing position
		Content 1.4.2.	Body search in lying position
	Day 1 Topic 1.5.	Dealing with the person who is not following the orders (non-compliant person) and is breaking the distance (jeopardizing safety zone of the officer)		1
		Content 1.5.1.	Specifics of communication with the person who is not following the orders. Dealing with the person who is breaking the distance and jeopardising the safety of the officer. Defence from pushes, grabs and grips.
	Day 1	Wrap-up Day 1		1
	Day 2 Topic 2.1.	Use of coercive measures in curbing passive-defensive level of resistance – overcoming passive resistance with physical strength		2
		Content 1.6.1.	Types of passive resistance
		Content 1.6.2.	Techniques for overcoming passive resistance of a person who is in standing, sitting, lying positions – individually and in team
	Day 2 Topic 2.2.	Use of coercive measures in curbing active level of resistance		5
		Content 1.7.1.	Types of active level of resistance (tightening hands, pushing officer away, pulls back while avoiding detention)
		Content 1.7.2.	Techniques for overcoming active level of resistance of a person who is in standing, sitting, lying positions and is actively trying to avoid detention – individually and in team
	Day 2	Wrap-up Day 2		1
	Day 3 Topic 3.1.	Dealing with threatening person (verbally aggressive or in possession of dangerous object)		3
		Content 1.8.1.	Risk factors and risk indicators during interventions – warning signs of possible attack – or escalating towards physical violence
		Content 1.8.2.	Identification of dangerous items which could be used by person – situational factors and officer’s perception
		Content 1.8.3.	Team coordination and division of the roles. Repositioning of officers, giving commands and de-escalation techniques (gradation). Detention of the verbally aggressive person or a person in possession of dangerous object person. Handling of dangerous items during the intervention (while ensuring safety on the scene)
	Day 3 Topic 3.2.	Entering rooms and buildings safely and effectively in low to medium level of threat (including abandoned buildings and low light conditions)		3
		Content 1.9.1.	Risk assessment/potential treats and vulnerabilities. Types of facilities and their characteristics. (Hiding/ambush individual concept) Techniques for gradual and cautious observation around a comer, uncleared area and other obstacles. (Concept of threat angles, areas of fatal funnel and immediate treat)
		Content 1.9.2.	Movement formations and communication. Tactical progression basic principles (moving through stairs and corridors). Rules of avoiding friendly fire
		Content 1.9.3.	Entry techniques in various situations related to low and medium level of threat during intervention
		Content 1.9.4.	Clearing techniques in various situations related to low and medium level of threat during intervention
	Day 3	Wrap-up Day 3		1
Unit 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE			8
	Day 4 Topic 4.1.	Basic Life Support (BLS)		1
		Content 2.1.1.	Life-saving interventions and CPR technique (opening airway, chest compressions, ventilation with or without AED)
		Content 2.1.2.	Foreign body airway obstruction – Algorithm in dealing with choking (basic treatment, back blows, belly pressure)
	Day 4 Topic 4.2.	Massive bleeding		3
		Content 2.2.1.	Types of haemorrhages and procedures
		Content 2.2.2.	Use of tourniquets – self applications and applications for other person
		Content 2.2.3.	Wound packing with haemostatic dressing or compressed gauze
	Day 4 Topic 4.3.	Respiration		1
		Content 2.3.1.	Thoracic wounds
		Content 2.3.2.	Valve and improvised dressings
		Content 2.3.3.	Early hypothermia prevention
	Day 4 Topic 4.4.	MARCH-E protocol for trauma injured person		2
		Content 2.4.1.	Blood sweep/head-to-toe assessment
		Content 2.2.4.	Use of modular bandage
		Content 2.4.3.	Methods of evacuation of injured person
	Day 4	Wrap-up Day 4		1
Unit 3	USE OF FORCE AND BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE			7
	Day 5 Asses-sment 1	Scenario 1		2
	Day 5 Asses-sment 2	Scenario 2		2
	Day 5 Asses-sment 3	Scenario 3		2
	Day 5	Wrap-up Day 5		1
In total:				38

EVALUATION OF TRAINING			NO. OF LEARNING HOURS
1.	EVALUATION OF TRAINING		1
	1.1.	Evaluation of the training by the learners
	1.2.	Evaluation of the curriculum by the trainers
In total:			1

Topic learning outcomes, Learning/Teaching methods and Resources

INDEPENDENT LEARNING PRIOR TO THE TRAINING (VIA E-LEARNING)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 1	CORE PRINCIPLES IN THE USE OF FORCE
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Identify principles in the use of force according to the national laws and EU standards, with full respect of fundamental rights principles
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 2	PROGRESSIVE SEQUENCES/USE OF FORCE CONTINUUM
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Describe progressive sequence/use of force continuum according to the level of threat
	LO2:	Describe main components of situational awareness
	LO3:	List main risk indicators during the intervention
	LO4:	Describe main principles of effective coordination in patrol unit
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material Videos

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 3	GIVING COMMAND/DE-ESCALATION TECHNIQUES
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	List basic commands (verbal and nonverbal) regarding the use of force
	LO2:	Select the proper command according to the level of threat
	LO3:	List steps in deescalating process
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material with photos Videos

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 4	Entering rooms and buildings
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Recognize different types of facilities and explain their characteristics
	LO2:	Describe movement formations
	LO3:	List rules of avoiding friendly fire
	LO4:	Describe entry and clearing techniques
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material Videos

UNIT 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 1	BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Recognize the importance of early start with basic life support
	LO2:	Define the most common indicators of cardiac arrest
	LO3:	Define the algorithm of basic life support and paediatric basic life support
	LO4:	Describe the purpose and advantages of the use of AED
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material Videos on performing CPR

UNIT 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 2	FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Define airway obstruction caused by a foreign body in three age categories
	LO2:	Describe the algorithm in dealing with airway obstruction in three age categories
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material Videos on performing belly pressure

UNIT 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 3	HYPOTHERMIA
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Describe causes and symptoms of hypothermia in adults and infants
	LO2:	Define factors increasing the risk of hypothermia
	LO3:	Define the steps in preventing hypothermia
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material

UNIT 2	TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 4	FIRST RESPONDERS TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Describe proceedings in three threat zones of TCCC
	LO2:	Describe MARCH algorithm
Learning/Teaching methods	Online Individual learning – reading, watching
Resources	PPT Reading material

CONTACT LEARNING DURING THE TRAINING

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 1	DEALING WITH THE COOPERATIVE PERSON
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Demonstrate the correct positioning in order to maintain safety
	LO2:	Use correct requests/commands when dealing with cooperative person(s)
	LO3:	Demonstrate appropriate controlling/escorting techniques when dealing with cooperative person(s)
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstration, role play
Resources	Videos

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 2	HANDLING THE DUTY BELT EQUIPMENT
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Demonstrate the correct positioning of the equipment on the duty belt
	LO2:	Operate different types of equipment depending on the level of threat, in accordance with the use of force principles
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstration Role play
Resources	Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 4	HANDCUFFING
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Apply handcuffs when person is in standing position
	LO2:	Apply handcuffs when person is in lying position
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Video Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 7	BODY SEARCH
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Recognize types of body search
	LO2:	Apply body search technique on a person in different positions, individually and in team
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Video Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 3	DEALING WITH THE PERSON WHO IS NOT FOLLOWING THE ORDERS (NON-COMPLIANT PERSON) AND IS BREAKING THE DISTANCE (JEOPARDIZING SAFETY ZONE OF THE OFFICER) DEFENCE FROM PUSHES, GRABS AND GRIPS
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Demonstrate the correct positioning in order to maintain safety
	LO2:	Use correct requests/commands when dealing with non-compliant person(s)
	LO3:	Demonstrate appropriate tactical advantage position, defence and controlling techniques when dealing with non-compliant person(s) when distance is broken
	LO4	Apply different techniques for to regaining control and release from attack (grab, grip) of an individual through manipulation of skeletal joints or pressure points.
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Video Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 5	USE OF COERCIVE MEASURES IN CURBING PASSIVE-DEFENSIVE LEVEL OF RESISTANCE – OVERCOMING PASSIVE RESISTANCE WITH PHYSICAL STRENGTH
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Recognize types of passive resistance
	LO2:	Apply different techniques for overcoming passive resistance
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Video Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 6	USE OF COERCIVE MEASURES IN CURBING ACTIVE LEVEL OF RESISTANCE
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Recognize types of active level of resistance
	LO2:	Apply different techniques for overcoming active level of resistance
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Video Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 8	DEALING WITH THREATENING PERSON (VERBALLY AGGRESSIVE OR IN POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS OBJECT) FIREARM PROTECTION AND RETENTION TECHNIQUES GROUND DEFENCE TECHNIQUES
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Recognize signs of possible attack
	LO2:	Identify dangerous items which could be used by person
	LO3:	Apply different techniques and movement when giving commands and de-escalating situation (gradation)
	LO4:	Use appropriate methods when handling dangerous items
	LO5:	Demonstrate team management skills dividing the roles of patrol unit
	LO 6:	Apply different techniques and movements to protect the firearm from an offender without using equipment or apply weapon retention techniques in standing position
	LO 7:	Apply different techniques and movements to protect himself when attacked on the ground and regain a position of protection and advantage
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Video Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 1	USE OF FORCE
Topic 9	ENTERING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS SAFELY AND EFFECTIVELY IN LOW TO MEDIUM LEVEL OF THREAT (INCLUDING ABANDONED BUILDINGS AND LOW LIGHT CONDITIONS)
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Evaluate information received considering potential treats and vulnerabilities
	LO2:	Recognize different types of facilities and explain their characteristics
	LO3:	Apply techniques for gradual and cautious observation around a corner, uncleared area and other obstacles to avoid threat
	LO4:	Identify areas of fatal funnel and immediate treat
	LO5:	Demonstrate safe movement and appropriate
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Video Duty belt with standard equipment (handcuffs, baton, OC gas, handgun, flashlight)

UNIT 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 1	BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	assess vital signs following the European Resuscitation Council guidelines
	LO2:	open the airway using the head tilt and jaw thrust
	LO3:	perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation following the European Resuscitation Council guidelines
	LO4:	demonstrate the use of AED according to the BLS algorithm
	LO5:	recognize airway obstruction caused by a foreign body
	LO6:	demonstrate foreign body removal in case of airway obstruction
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Baby mannequin Teenager mannequin Adult mannequin Training AED Gloves CPR foil Space blanket Hygienic mask

UNIT 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 5	MASSIVE BLEEDING
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	self-apply tourniquet and apply it on another person correctly
	LO2:	select an appropriate dedicated pressure dressing/wound packing
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Gloves Tourniquet Fake blood Fake wounds Haemostatic dressing Bandage Gauze Modular bandage Scissors Wound packing simulator

UNIT 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 6	RESPIRATION
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Apply a dedicated dressing (with or without valve) or improvised one
	LO2:	follow the basic principles of early hypothermia prevention – demonstrate correct application of space blanket
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Chest seal Valve dressing Gloves Space blanket

UNIT 2	BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Topic 4	MARCH-E PROTOCOL FOR TRAUMA INJURED PERSON
Topic learning outcomes	On completion of this topic, learners will be able to:
	LO1:	Recognize the importance of sequence of the MARCH-E protocol
	LO2:	Follow MARCH-E protocol algorithm correctly in medical emergencies and in a CUF situation
	LO3:	Demonstrate fast evacuation from a threat zone
	LO4:	Demonstrate correct way to place a person in the recovery position
Learning/Teaching methods	Demonstrations Role play
Resources	Gloves Nasopharyngeal tube Nasopharyngeal tube simulator Lubricant Stretchers

UNIT 3	USE OF FORCE AND BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Assessment 1	SCENARIO 1
Assessment methods	Simulation – Domestic violence case
Resources	Duty belt with standard police equipment – handcuffs, baton, pepper spray, flashlight, FX handguns and simmunition; IFAK, fake blood; rubber knife 1 adult female actor and two male actors Simulation room or other appropriate indoor space

UNIT 3	USE OF FORCE AND BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Assessment 2	SCENARIO 2
Assessment methods	Simulation – Containing an armed suspect
Resources	Duty belt with standard police equipment – handcuffs, baton, pepper spray, flashlight, FX handguns and simmunition; IFAK, fake blood; rubber knife 1 male actor Simulation room or other appropriate indoor space

UNIT 3	USE OF FORCE AND BASICS OF TACTICAL MEDICINE
Assessment 3	SCENARIO 3
Assessment methods	Simulation – Misdemeanour suspect
Resources	Duty belt with standard police equipment – handcuffs, baton, pepper spray, flashlight, FX handguns and simmunition; IFAK, fake blood; rubber knife 2 male actors Simulation room or other appropriate indoor space